And I kind of sheepishly confessed this to someone there. Welcome to HIDDEN BRAIN. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. And if you teach them that forks go with women, they start to think that forks are more feminine. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and how to keep difficult emotions from sabotaging our wellbeing. Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, by Philip Tetlock, Psychology Review, 2002. To request permission, please send an email to [emailprotected]. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. And they have correlated this with gender features in the language, just like the ones you were talking about. This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to savor the beauty in nature, art, or simply the moral courage of those around us. The fun example I give my students is imagine playing the hokey pokey in a language like this. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. This takes kids a little while to figure out, and he had all kinds of clever ways to ask these questions. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. You know, we spend years teaching children about how to use language correctly. And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. We're speaking today with cognitive science professor Lera Boroditsky about language. * Data source: directly measured on Listen Notes. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. (SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PARKS AND RECREATION"). I just don't want to do it. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy. VEDANTAM: One of the points you make in the book of course is that the evolution of words and their meanings is what gives us this flowering of hundreds or thousands of languages. If you can speak more than one language, does this mean that you're also simultaneously and constantly shifting in your mind between different worldviews? BORODITSKY: Thank you so much for having me. So I think it's an incredible tragedy that we're losing all of this linguistic diversity, all of this cultural diversity because it is human heritage. It's never happened. al, Group Decision and Negotiation, 2008. VEDANTAM: So this begs the question, if you were to put languages on something of a spectrum, where you have, you know, languages like Spanish or Hindi where nouns are gendered and languages like English where many nouns are not gendered but pronouns are gendered, and on the other end of the spectrum, you have languages like Finnish or Persian where you can have a conversation about someone without actually mentioning their gender, it would seem surprising if this did not translate, at some level, into the way people thought about gender in their daily activities, in terms of thinking about maybe even who can do what in the workplace. Maybe it's even less than a hundred meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your coat on over your pajamas and put your boots on and go outside and walk those hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness. Watch Your Mouth | Hidden Brain : NPR So I just think that it's something we need to check ourselves for. Hidden Brain And I don't think any of us are thinking that it's a shame that we're not using the language of Beowulf. MCWHORTER: Oh, yeah, I'm a human being. If it is the first time you login, a new account will be created automatically. GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe watching Netflix or something. And there are all kinds of interesting, useful, eye-opening ideas that exist in all of the world's languages. So for example, English speakers, because they're very likely to say, he did it or someone did it, they are very good at remembering who did it, even if it's an accident. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. 00:55:27 Hidden Brain Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button And they suggest that differences across languages do, in fact, predict some of these measures of gender equality across countries. But what I am thinking is, you should realize that even if you don't like it, there's nothing wrong with it in the long run because, for example, Jonathan Swift didn't like it that people were saying kissed instead of kiss-ed (ph) and rebuked instead of rebuk-ed (ph). Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains. VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. Let's start with the word literally. I want everybody to have the fun I'm having. When we come back, I'm going to ask you about why languages change and whether there are hidden rules that shape why some words are more likely to evolve than others. Of course that's how you BORODITSKY: And so what was remarkable for me was that my brain figured out a really good solution to the problem after a week of trying, right? We lobby a neighbor to vote for our favored political candidate. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. There's not a bigger difference you could find than 100 percent of the measurement space. And then 10 years later when they're 49, you say, well, that picture of you at 39 is what you really are and whatever's happened to you since then is some sort of disaster or something that shouldn't have happened. If a transcript is available, you'll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. You may also use the Hidden Brain name in invitations sent to a small group of personal contacts for such purposes as a listening club or discussion forum. So one possibility for bilinguals would be that they just have two different minds inside - right? Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. That is the direction of writing in Hebrew and Arabic, going from right to left. VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly useful. But they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? It goes in this pile. What techniques did that person use to persuade you? Thank you for helping to keep the podcast database up to date. The dictionary says both uses are correct. Can I get some chicken? Hidden Brain: You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose on Apple Podcasts 51 min You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Hidden Brain Social Sciences Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. He's a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University and the author of the book "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". Each generation hears things and interprets things slightly differently from the previous one. It's part of a general running indication that everything's OK between you and the other person, just like one's expected to smile a little bit in most interactions. Flight attendant Steven Slater slides from a plane after quitting. VEDANTAM: So I find that I'm often directionally and navigationally challenged when I'm driving around, and I often get my east-west mixed up with my left-right for reasons I have never been able to fathom. But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. VEDANTAM: As someone who spends a lot of his time listening to language evolve, John hears a lot of slang. But if you seed a watermelon, nobody assumes that you're taking seeds and putting them in the watermelon, you're taking them out. We post open positions (including internships) on our jobs page. Hidden Brain on RadioPublic I'm shankar Vedantam in the 2002 rom com. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. VEDANTAM: One of the things I found really interesting is that the evolution of words and language is constant. UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). Because it was. 00:51:58 - We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. This is HIDDEN BRAIN. If you prefer to listen through a podcast app, here are links to our podcast on Apple, Spotify, and Stitcher. It's not necessarily may I please have, but may I have, I'll have, but not can I get a. I find it just vulgar for reasons that as you can see I can't even do what I would call defending. by Harry T. Reis, Annie Regan, and Sonja Lyubomirsky, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2021. They are ways of seeing the world. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. VEDANTAM: If languages are shaped by the way people see the world, but they also shape how people see the world, what does this mean for people who are bilingual? Lera, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. As you're going about your day, you likely interact with family, friends and coworkers.
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